Redback spider bites can be deadly, but prompt treatment with antivenom has significantly reduced the risk of severe complications. The venomous spiders are common in Australia and have also been found in other parts of the world, including New Zealand and Asia.
The Redback Spider: A Potent Venom and a Common Encounter
The redback spider (
Latrodectus hasselti) is one of Australia‘s most iconic arachnids. It’s a member of the widow spider family, closely related to the black widow spider. They’re famous for their distinctive red markings and potent venom.
Identifying the Redback Spider
These are tiny spiders. Female redback spiders are about 0.4 inches (10 mm), while male redback spiders are much smaller, only about 0.11 to 0.16 inches (3 to 4 mm). Female redback spiders are easy to identify by their shiny black bodies, slender legs and iconic red stripe running down their abdomen. In some cases, this stripe may be broken or absent, but most females sport something similar to the vivid red hourglass you’ll find on black widows.
The Danger of Redback Spider Bites
Yes, Australian redback spiders are dangerous. Redback spider venom contains neurotoxins that can cause severe pain, sweating and systemic symptoms such as nausea and muscle spasms. Redback bites are more commonly inflicted by a female redback, as the male redback spiders rarely bite humans.
Luckily, antivenom treatment for redback spider bites has been available since the 1950s, significantly reducing the risk of severe complications. Fatalities are now extremely rare. However, bites should always be treated promptly.
Where to Find Redback Spiders
The redback spider is native to Australia but has also become an invasive species in other parts of the world, including New Zealand and parts of Asia. These spiders are highly adaptable and thrive in urban and rural areas alike. You’ll often find them hiding in sheltered locations such as garden sheds, under outdoor furniture or even in mailboxes.
Attracting and Deterrents for Redback Spiders
Redback spiders are attracted to environments with abundant prey and sheltered areas for web-building. Their diet includes insects and even small vertebrates that get caught in their webs. To deter redback spiders, keep your yard and home clean and free of clutter where webs might form. Regularly check outdoor furniture, garden tools and storage areas for signs of webs or young spiders. Sealing gaps in walls and doors can also help keep these venomous spiders out of your living spaces.
