Wild turkeys and domesticated turkeys have distinct diets shaped by their environments, with wild turkeys foraging for plants and insects in forests and fields, while domesticated turkeys rely on controlled diets of grains and supplements.
Wild turkeys are omnivores, which means their diet consists of both plants and animals. Unlike domesticated turkeys that rely on humans for food, wild turkeys forage for their meals in forests, fields, and even suburban areas.
Wild turkeys are native to North America, with a range spanning across the eastern and central regions of the continent.
These birds inhabit forests, woodlands, and grasslands, typically avoiding areas with dense human activity.
Wild turkeys are omnivores, feeding on plants, 'insects' , and small animals.
They are social creatures, often living in flocks led by a dominant male.
According to the US Fish and Wildlife Service, wild turkey populations have increased significantly since the 1930s due to conservation efforts.
The menu of a wild turkey changes throughout the year, depending on seasonal availability. In early spring, their diet includes fresh greenery, seeds, and ‘insects‘ , which provide essential protein. This helps them build energy for the breeding season, as they are often focused on finding mates.
As summer and fall approach, wild turkeys munch on berries, acorns, and wild grapes, stocking up on nutrients before winter. Eastern turkeys, one of the most common wild subspecies, are expert foragers and eat whatever is available, including small amphibians, nuts, and grains from farm fields. However, their diet remains mostly plant-based.
The eastern turkey (Meleagris gallopavo silvestris) is a subspecies of wild turkey native to the eastern United States.
They inhabit deciduous forests, woodlands, and grasslands.
Their range spans from Canada to Florida and west to Texas.
Eastern turkeys are adaptable birds, thriving in various environments, including agricultural areas and urban fringes.
They are known for their distinctive gobble calls and impressive courtship displays.
Unlike wild turkeys, domesticated turkeys rely on humans for their meals. Farmers who focus on raising turkeys for meat or to produce eggs carefully monitor their diet to ensure they receive all the necessary nutrients. Most farm-raised turkeys eat a controlled diet of grains, proteins, and supplements to keep them healthy and growing.
Domesticated turkeys are a subspecies of wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) that have been selectively bred for thousands of years.
Originating in North America, domesticated turkeys were first introduced to Europe by Spanish conquistadors in the 16th century.
They are now raised globally for their meat, eggs, and feathers.
Domesticated turkeys come in over 300 breeds, varying in size, plumage, and temperament.
The average lifespan of a domesticated turkey is around 5-7 years.
Heritage turkeys, which are closer to their wild ancestors, still retain some natural foraging instincts. In addition to the plant-based food, they may consume ‘insects‘ , ‘worms’ , and other small invertebrates. However, their diet is still managed by humans to ensure optimal growth and health.
Baby turkeys, also called turkey poults, have different dietary needs compared to adult turkeys. Their early growth requires high-protein foods, such as ‘insects’ , small seeds, and high-quality turkey feed. Without enough protein, turkey poults may struggle to develop properly, become more susceptible to disease, and not be able to fend off predators in the wild.
When raising turkeys on a farm, farmers provide specialized feed to ensure their growth. ‘Chicken feed can work in a pinch’ , but turkey-specific feed is better for the long-term, as it contains extra nutrients like protein and niacin, tailored for their rapid development.
- howstuffworks.com | What Do Turkeys Eat in the Wild and on Farms?
