Embark on a journey to the skies and discover how to launch a successful aviation career. From earning your private pilot license to acquiring your airline transport pilot certification, this comprehensive guide provides a step-by-step approach to becoming an airline pilot.
To become an airline pilot, you’ll need to undergo years of rigorous flight training and meet strict requirements set by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). The journey begins with earning a private pilot license, which allows you to fly small aircraft for personal use.
The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is a US government agency responsible for regulating and overseeing all aspects of civil aviation.
Established in 1958, the FAA sets and enforces safety standards for 'aircraft design, operation, and maintenance.'
The agency also regulates 'air traffic control,' airport security, and pilot licensing.
With over 45,000 employees and an annual budget of $15 billion, the FAA is a critical component of the US transportation infrastructure.
Earning Your Private Pilot License
To qualify for a private pilot license, you’ll need to begin training at an aviation program or civilian flight school. You’ll also need to pass a medical exam and complete both written and practical exams administered by the FAA. While a bachelor’s degree isn’t always required, having one in fields like aerospace engineering or an aviation degree can be advantageous.
A solid foundation in science, math, and aircraft systems is crucial for pilot training. Many airlines prefer candidates with college degrees in these fields. Once you’ve built flight experience with your private pilot certificate, the next step is obtaining a commercial pilot certificate.
A commercial pilot certificate is issued by a civil aviation authority to an individual who has demonstrated the necessary skills and knowledge to operate an aircraft for hire.
To obtain this certification, pilots must undergo rigorous training and pass a series of exams.
The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) sets strict guidelines for commercial pilot training programs, which include a minimum of 250 hours of flight time, including 100 hours of pilot-in-command time and 50 hours of cross-country flight time.
Advancing to a Commercial Pilot Certificate
With your private pilot license, you’ll need to complete more flight hours, including cross-country flight time and operations under instrument flight rules (IFR). To fly for an airline industry employer, you’ll also need an instrument rating, which teaches you how to navigate using instruments rather than visual cues.
This is crucial for operating in poor weather and high-traffic airspace controlled by air traffic controllers. The commercial pilot certificate allows you to be paid for flying, but it’s just the first step towards becoming a professional airline pilot.
Building Experience as a Flight Instructor
To qualify for an airline transport pilot license (ATPL), you must accumulate flight hours — a lot of them. Most pilots gain experience by working as a certified flight instructor (CFI), providing flight instruction to student pilots. This helps you log more flight hours while refining your skills.
Some pilots opt for military training instead, which can accelerate their career in commercial aviation. Military pilots receive extensive advanced training in multi-engine aircraft, making them highly sought after by airlines.
Meeting Airline Requirements and Getting Hired
To become an airline pilot, you’ll need to meet the flight hour requirements set by the FAA — a minimum of 1,500 total flight hours. Many new pilots start at a regional airline, working as a first officer before advancing to major airlines like ‘United Airlines‘ or ‘Delta Air Lines‘.
Airlines prefer candidates with a multi-engine rating, proficiency in air traffic control communication, and strong decision-making skills. Some carriers offer pilot pathway programs, which streamline the process of hiring qualified pilots. These programs provide training and support to help new hires succeed in the industry.
Acquiring Your Airline Transport Pilot Certification
To be considered for a commercial airline pilot position or even the first officer designation, you need to earn an airline transport pilot (ATP) certification. This requires more than 1,500 hours of flight experience, as well as proficiency flying at night, logging cross-country flight time, and passing a detailed medical exam.
An Airline Transport Pilot (ATP) is a licensed aviator who operates commercial aircraft.
To become an ATP, one must hold a valid medical certificate, complete at least 1,500 hours of flight time, and pass a rigorous written exam.
ATPs are responsible for ensuring the safety of passengers and crew members during flights.
They must also comply with federal regulations and airline policies.
In addition to flying duties, ATPs often serve as instructors or check airman, training and evaluating other pilots.
For the FAA, the ATP certification is equivalent to the previously-mentioned ATPL, which is used in the United Kingdom and the European Union.
Advancing to a Commercial Airline Pilot
After gaining experience at a regional airline, the next step is upgrading to a commercial airline pilot position at a commercial airline. Pilots must complete additional training specific to the aircraft they’ll fly, working alongside other crew members to carry passengers safely across the globe.
With an ongoing pilot shortage, airlines are eager to recruit qualified candidates. If you meet the requirements, have the proper training, and pass all evaluations, you’ll be well on your way to an exciting airline pilot career.
- howstuffworks.com | How to Become an Airline Pilot: Licensing and Certifications
